COPD
What is COPD?
COPD stands for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. In French, BPCO stands for bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive. It is a chronic respiratory disease that affects the lungs and airways. It mainly includes two pulmonary conditions: chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Chronic Bronchitis
It is characterized by inflammation of the bronchi, the tubes that carry air into the lungs. This inflammation causes excessive mucus production, which can partially block the airways and lead to breathing difficulties.
Emphysema
Emphysema results from the progressive destruction of the alveolar walls, the tiny structures responsible for gas exchange in the lungs. This destruction reduces the surface area for oxygen exchange, leading to decreased lung capacity and difficulty fully exhaling.
Metaphors
🟠 Chronic Bronchitis
Like a garden hose filled with mucus.
The inside of the bronchi is inflamed and clogged with thick secretions, making breathing difficult — similar to a blocked hose where water barely comes out.
🔵 Emphysema
Like an overinflated plastic bag.
The alveoli in the lungs are damaged and no longer empty properly. Air remains trapped, creating the sensation of suffocating — like a bag filled with air that cannot be deflated.
Main Risk Factors for COPD
- Active or passive smoking
- Long-term exposure to air pollutants or toxic substances
- Certain genetic predispositions
Common Symptoms of COPD
- Chronic cough
- Shortness of breath (dyspnea)
- Excessive mucus production
- Reduced physical capacity
Can COPD be cured?
COPD is a progressive and incurable disease, but it can be managed, and its symptoms can be alleviated through:
- Appropriate medical treatment
- Lifestyle changes (especially quitting smoking)
- Active symptom management
- Regular, adapted physical activity
It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and to establish a personalized treatment plan, especially if COPD is suspected.